Before you start setting up uWSGI :
1. Make sure you are in a virtualenv for the software we need to install.Create Virtualenv like this:
virtualenv uwsgi-tutorial
cd uwsgi-tutorial
source bin/activate
2. Install Django into your virtualenv, create a new project, and cd into the project:
pip install Django
django-admin.py startproject mysite
cd mysite
<-- Basic uWSGI installation and configuration -->
3. Install uWSGI into your virtualenv:
pip install uwsgi
4. Create a file called test.py for testing and place the code in it:
# test.py
def application(env, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
return [b"Hello World"] # python3
#return ["Hello World"] # python2
5. Now test and run the uWSGI:
uwsgi --http :8000 --wsgi-file test.py
6. Now we want uWSGI to do the same thing, but to run a Django site instead of the test.py module:
If your project is running with pyhton manage.py runserver:8000 then,Run it with uWSGI
uwsgi --http :8000 --module mysite.wsgi
Point your browser at the server; if the site appears, it means uWSGI is able to serve your Django application from your virtualenv, and this stack operates correctly
<-- Basic nginx installation -->
7. Install and start nginx:
sudo apt-get install nginx
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start # start nginx
Note: To restart nginx just use sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart command.
And now check that the nginx is serving by visiting it in a web browser on port 80 - you should get a message from nginx:
“Welcome to nginx!”.
That means these components of the full stack are working together.
<-- Configure nginx for your site -->
8. You will need the uwsgi_params file, which is available in the nginx directory of the uWSGI distribution, or from https://github.com/nginx/nginx/blob/master/conf/uwsgi_params
Copy it into your project directory. In a moment we will tell nginx to refer to it.
9. Now create a file called mysite_nginx.conf at /etc/nginx/sites-available/, using the following command:
sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/mysite_nginx.conf
and paste the following code in it:
# mysite_nginx.conf
# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
# server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
# configuration of the server
server {
# the port your site will be served on
listen 8000;
# the domain name it will serve for
server_name 127.0.0.1; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
charset utf-8;
# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M; # adjust to taste
# Django media
location /media {
alias /path/to/your/mysite/media;# your Django project's media files - amend as required
}
location /static {
alias /path/to/your/mysite/static; # your Django project's static files - amend as required
}
# Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
include /path/to/your/mysite/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
}
}
Note: Replace project paths acoordingly.Copy and paste this file in your project directory as well.
10. Now symlink to this file from /etc/nginx/sites-enabled so nginx can see it.
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/mysite_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
11. Before running nginx, you have to collect all Django static files in the static folder. First of all you have to edit mysite/settings.py adding:
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "media/")
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
and then run 'python manage.py collectstatic'.
Check the configuration syntax by typing:
sudo service nginx configtest
Now restart the nginx 'sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart'.
1. Make sure you are in a virtualenv for the software we need to install.Create Virtualenv like this:
virtualenv uwsgi-tutorial
cd uwsgi-tutorial
source bin/activate
2. Install Django into your virtualenv, create a new project, and cd into the project:
pip install Django
django-admin.py startproject mysite
cd mysite
<-- Basic uWSGI installation and configuration -->
3. Install uWSGI into your virtualenv:
pip install uwsgi
4. Create a file called test.py for testing and place the code in it:
# test.py
def application(env, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
return [b"Hello World"] # python3
#return ["Hello World"] # python2
5. Now test and run the uWSGI:
uwsgi --http :8000 --wsgi-file test.py
6. Now we want uWSGI to do the same thing, but to run a Django site instead of the test.py module:
If your project is running with pyhton manage.py runserver:8000 then,Run it with uWSGI
uwsgi --http :8000 --module mysite.wsgi
Point your browser at the server; if the site appears, it means uWSGI is able to serve your Django application from your virtualenv, and this stack operates correctly
<-- Basic nginx installation -->
7. Install and start nginx:
sudo apt-get install nginx
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start # start nginx
Note: To restart nginx just use sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart command.
And now check that the nginx is serving by visiting it in a web browser on port 80 - you should get a message from nginx:
“Welcome to nginx!”.
That means these components of the full stack are working together.
<-- Configure nginx for your site -->
8. You will need the uwsgi_params file, which is available in the nginx directory of the uWSGI distribution, or from https://github.com/nginx/nginx/blob/master/conf/uwsgi_params
Copy it into your project directory. In a moment we will tell nginx to refer to it.
9. Now create a file called mysite_nginx.conf at /etc/nginx/sites-available/, using the following command:
sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/mysite_nginx.conf
and paste the following code in it:
# mysite_nginx.conf
# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
# server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
# configuration of the server
server {
# the port your site will be served on
listen 8000;
# the domain name it will serve for
server_name 127.0.0.1; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
charset utf-8;
# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M; # adjust to taste
# Django media
location /media {
alias /path/to/your/mysite/media;# your Django project's media files - amend as required
}
location /static {
alias /path/to/your/mysite/static; # your Django project's static files - amend as required
}
# Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
include /path/to/your/mysite/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
}
}
Note: Replace project paths acoordingly.Copy and paste this file in your project directory as well.
10. Now symlink to this file from /etc/nginx/sites-enabled so nginx can see it.
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/mysite_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
11. Before running nginx, you have to collect all Django static files in the static folder. First of all you have to edit mysite/settings.py adding:
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "media/")
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
and then run 'python manage.py collectstatic'.
Check the configuration syntax by typing:
sudo service nginx configtest
Now restart the nginx 'sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart'.
To
check that media files are being served correctly, add an image called
media.png to the /path/to/your/project/project/media directory, then visit http://example.com:8000/media/media.png - if this
works, you’ll know at least that nginx is serving files
correctly.
Note: If you face an error then check the nginx error log at "/var/log/nginx/error.log". If there is a permission denied error then it means your media folder doesn't have permissions for accessing. Make your media folder and its content accessible by giving it valid permissions.
12. Let’s get nginx to speak to the “hello world” test.py application.
uwsgi --socket :8001 --wsgi-file test.py
Visit: http://127.0.0.1:8000/
13. Using Unix sockets instead of ports:
Edit mysite_nginx.conf, changing it to match:
server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
# server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
and restart nginx.
Run uWSGI again:
uwsgi --socket mysite.sock --wsgi-file test.py
Try http://127.0.0.1:8000/ in the browser.If that doesn’t work.
check your nginx error log(/var/log/nginx/error.log). If you see something like:
connect() to unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock failed (13: Permission denied)
then probably you need to manage the permissions on the socket so that nginx is allowed to use it.
Try uwsgi --socket mysite.sock --wsgi-file test.py --chmod-socket=666 # (very permissive)
Now refresh the browser again.
If it works then you are doing good so far!
14. Running the Django application with uwsgi and nginx
Let’s run our Django application:
uwsgi --socket mysite.sock --module mysite.wsgi --chmod-socket=666
Now uWSGI and nginx should be serving up not just a “Hello World” module, but your Django project.
15. Configuring uWSGI to run with a .ini file
Create a file called 'mysite_uwsgi.ini' at /etc/uwsgi/sites using these commands:
sudo mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi/sites
cd /etc/uwsgi/sites
sudo nano mysite_uwsgi.ini
and paste the following code in it:
# mysite_uwsgi.ini file
[uwsgi]
# Django-related settings
# the base directory (full path)
chdir = /path/to/your/project
# Django's wsgi file
module = mysite.wsgi
# the virtualenv (full path)
home = /path/to/virtualenv
# process-related settings
# master
master = true
# maximum number of worker processes
processes = 10
# the socket (use the full path to be safe
socket = /path/to/your/project/mysite.sock
# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
chmod-socket = 666
# clear environment on exit
vacuum = true
Note: Change paths accordingly.Also Copy this file in your project directory.We will use this to run the our project manually from the terimanl.
Afer placing the above code, run uswgi using this file:
uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini # the --ini option is used to specify a file
Once again, test that the Django site works as expected.
16. Install uWSGI system-wide
So far, uWSGI is only installed in our virtualenv; we’ll need it installed system-wide for deployment purposes.
Deactivate your virtualenv by typing following command in terminal:
deactivate
and install uWSGI system-wide:
sudo pip install uwsgi
Check again that you can still run uWSGI just like you did before:
uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini
17. Now create a upstart script for uWsgi:
We will create an Upstart script in the /etc/init directory, where these files are checked:
sudo nano /etc/init/uwsgi.conf
and place the following code in it:
description "uWSGI application server in Emperor mode"
start on runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]
setuid user
setgid www-data
exec /usr/local/bin/uwsgi --emperor /etc/uwsgi/sites
Note: Replace user with your username.
Note: If you face an error then check the nginx error log at "/var/log/nginx/error.log". If there is a permission denied error then it means your media folder doesn't have permissions for accessing. Make your media folder and its content accessible by giving it valid permissions.
12. Let’s get nginx to speak to the “hello world” test.py application.
uwsgi --socket :8001 --wsgi-file test.py
Visit: http://127.0.0.1:8000/
13. Using Unix sockets instead of ports:
Edit mysite_nginx.conf, changing it to match:
server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
# server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
and restart nginx.
Run uWSGI again:
uwsgi --socket mysite.sock --wsgi-file test.py
Try http://127.0.0.1:8000/ in the browser.If that doesn’t work.
check your nginx error log(/var/log/nginx/error.log). If you see something like:
connect() to unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock failed (13: Permission denied)
then probably you need to manage the permissions on the socket so that nginx is allowed to use it.
Try uwsgi --socket mysite.sock --wsgi-file test.py --chmod-socket=666 # (very permissive)
Now refresh the browser again.
If it works then you are doing good so far!
14. Running the Django application with uwsgi and nginx
Let’s run our Django application:
uwsgi --socket mysite.sock --module mysite.wsgi --chmod-socket=666
Now uWSGI and nginx should be serving up not just a “Hello World” module, but your Django project.
15. Configuring uWSGI to run with a .ini file
Create a file called 'mysite_uwsgi.ini' at /etc/uwsgi/sites using these commands:
sudo mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi/sites
cd /etc/uwsgi/sites
sudo nano mysite_uwsgi.ini
and paste the following code in it:
# mysite_uwsgi.ini file
[uwsgi]
# Django-related settings
# the base directory (full path)
chdir = /path/to/your/project
# Django's wsgi file
module = mysite.wsgi
# the virtualenv (full path)
home = /path/to/virtualenv
# process-related settings
# master
master = true
# maximum number of worker processes
processes = 10
# the socket (use the full path to be safe
socket = /path/to/your/project/mysite.sock
# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
chmod-socket = 666
# clear environment on exit
vacuum = true
Note: Change paths accordingly.Also Copy this file in your project directory.We will use this to run the our project manually from the terimanl.
Afer placing the above code, run uswgi using this file:
uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini # the --ini option is used to specify a file
Once again, test that the Django site works as expected.
16. Install uWSGI system-wide
So far, uWSGI is only installed in our virtualenv; we’ll need it installed system-wide for deployment purposes.
Deactivate your virtualenv by typing following command in terminal:
deactivate
and install uWSGI system-wide:
sudo pip install uwsgi
Check again that you can still run uWSGI just like you did before:
uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini
17. Now create a upstart script for uWsgi:
We will create an Upstart script in the /etc/init directory, where these files are checked:
sudo nano /etc/init/uwsgi.conf
and place the following code in it:
description "uWSGI application server in Emperor mode"
start on runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]
setuid user
setgid www-data
exec /usr/local/bin/uwsgi --emperor /etc/uwsgi/sites
Note: Replace user with your username.
Start the uWSGI server using
sudo service uwsgi start
Now point to the browser and check your running site.
If it works then here's your happy moment :)
If it works then here's your happy moment :)
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